Effects of Cultural and Religious Practices on Entrepreneurship Success among Ethnic Groups in Matabeleland North, Zimbabwe

Abstract

This study examined the influence of cultural and religious practices on entrepreneurship success among ethnic groups in Matabeleland North Province in Zimbabwe. It emphasizes Christianity, Islam, and African indigenous religions, as well as the intermediary function of formal entrepreneurship education. The study employed a mixed-methods approach to examine data from 210 participants, who were selected by snowball and stratified random sampling techniques. Although these cultural practices do not directly impact entrepreneurship success, they indirectly cultivate perseverance and fortitude in entrepreneurs. On Christianity, quantitative analysis revealed no substantial correlation between Christianity and entrepreneurship success. Qualitative findings indicated that Christian characteristics such as honesty, integrity, and perseverance positively influence entrepreneurship mindsets. On Islam, quantitative findings revealed no direct relationship between Islamic practices and entrepreneurship performance. Qualitative findings indicate that according to Islamic ideals,their tendency to perceive entrepreneurship as a service to God foster good attitudes and ethical business practices. In terms of African Indigenous religions practices, quantitative analysis revealed no clear correlation between indigenous practices and entrepreneurship performance. Qualitative data indicate that these activities provide encouragement and optimism, as demonstrated by proverbs that advocate endurance. With regards to the role of formal education, although quantitative findings did not reveal a significant correlation between formal education and entrepreneurship success, qualitative feedback suggested that education imparts essential business knowledge, hence indirectly facilitating success. The study concludes that cultural and religious practices indirectly influence entrepreneurship performance by promoting attitudes that foster resilience and ethical conduct. Personal attributes, resource accessibility, governmental assistance, and economic circumstances are paramount for success. Theoretical implications indicate that adopting cultural diversity in policy may improve entrepreneurship. The study came up with two models, the Cultural Religious Influence Model and the Education-Driven Entrepreneurship Model, which suggest that cultural values and religious beliefs shape entrepreneurial attitudes and outcomes. It also highlights the importance of education in developing entrepreneurial skills and fostering innovation.